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PROLOG | NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | OPERANDS | STDIN | INPUT FILES | ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES | ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS | STDOUT | STDERR | OUTPUT FILES | EXTENDED DESCRIPTION | EXIT STATUS | CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS | APPLICATION USAGE | EXAMPLES | RATIONALE | FUTURE DIRECTIONS | SEE ALSO | COPYRIGHT |
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VAL(1P) POSIX Programmer's Manual VAL(1P)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The
Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or
the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
val — validate SCCS files (DEVELOPMENT)
val -
val [-s] [-m name] [-r SID] [-y type] file...
The val utility shall determine whether the specified file is an
SCCS file meeting the characteristics specified by the options.
The val utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of
POSIX.1‐2017, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines, except that
the usage of the '-' operand is not strictly as intended by the
guidelines (that is, reading options and operands from standard
input).
The following options shall be supported:
-m name Specify a name, which is compared with the SCCS %M%
keyword in file; see get(1p).
-r SID Specify a SID (SCCS Identification String), an SCCS
delta number. A check shall be made to determine whether
the SID is ambiguous (for example, -r 1 is ambiguous
because it physically does not exist but implies 1.1,
1.2, and so on, which may exist) or invalid (for
example, -r 1.0 or -r 1.1.0 are invalid because neither
case can exist as a valid delta number). If the SID is
valid and not ambiguous, a check shall be made to
determine whether it actually exists.
-s Silence the diagnostic message normally written to
standard output for any error that is detected while
processing each named file on a given command line.
-y type Specify a type, which shall be compared with the SCCS
%Y% keyword in file; see get(1p).
The following operands shall be supported:
file A pathname of an existing SCCS file. If exactly one file
operand appears, and it is '-', the standard input shall
be read: each line shall be independently processed as
if it were a command line argument list. (However, the
line is not subjected to any of the shell word
expansions, such as parameter expansion or quote
removal.)
The standard input shall be a text file used only when the file
operand is specified as '-'.
Any SCCS files processed shall be files of an unspecified format.
The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
val:
LANG Provide a default value for the internationalization
variables that are unset or null. (See the Base
Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 8.2,
Internationalization Variables for the precedence of
internationalization variables used to determine the
values of locale categories.)
LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the values
of all the other internationalization variables.
LC_CTYPE Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences
of bytes of text data as characters (for example,
single-byte as opposed to multi-byte characters in
arguments and input files).
LC_MESSAGES
Determine the locale that should be used to affect the
format and contents of diagnostic messages written to
standard error, and informative messages written to
standard output.
NLSPATH Determine the location of message catalogs for the
processing of LC_MESSAGES.
Default.
The standard output shall consist of informative messages about
either:
1. Each file processed
2. Each command line read from standard input
If the standard input is not used, for each file operand yielding
a discrepancy, the output line shall have the following format:
"%s: %s\n", <pathname>, <unspecified string>
If the standard input is used, for each input line yielding a
discrepancy, the output shall have the following format:
"%s\n\n %s: %s\n", <input>, <pathname>, <unspecified string>
where <input> is the input line minus its terminating <newline>.
Not used.
None.
None.
The 8-bit code returned by val shall be a disjunction of the
possible errors; that is, it can be interpreted as a bit string
where set bits are interpreted as follows:
0x80 = Missing file argument.
0x40 = Unknown or duplicate option.
0x20 = Corrupted SCCS file.
0x10 = Cannot open file or file not SCCS.
0x08 = SID is invalid or ambiguous.
0x04 = SID does not exist.
0x02 = %Y%, -y mismatch.
0x01 = %M%, -m mismatch.
Note that val can process two or more files on a given command
line and can process multiple command lines (when reading the
standard input). In these cases an aggregate code shall be
returned: a logical OR of the codes generated for each command
line and file processed.
Default.
The following sections are informative.
Since the val exit status sets the 0x80 bit, shell applications
checking "$?" cannot tell if it terminated due to a missing file
argument or receipt of a signal.
In a directory with three SCCS files—s.x (of t type ``text''),
s.y, and s.z (a corrupted file)—the following command could
produce the output shown:
val - <<EOF
-y source s.x
-m y s.y
s.z
EOF
-y source s.x
s.x: %Y%, -y mismatch
s.z
s.z: corrupted SCCS file
None.
None.
admin(1p), delta(1p), get(1p), prs(1p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter 8,
Environment Variables, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The
Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright
(C) 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between
this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard,
the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee
document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page
are most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of
the source files to man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .
IEEE/The Open Group 2017 VAL(1P)
Pages that refer to this page: sccs(1p)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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