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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | EXAMPLES | NOTES | HISTORY | SEE ALSO | NOTES | COLOPHON |
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SD_PATH_LOOKUP(3) sd_path_lookup SD_PATH_LOOKUP(3)
sd_path_lookup, sd_path_lookup_strv - Query well-known file system
paths
#include <systemd/sd-path.h>
enum {
SD_PATH_TEMPORARY,
SD_PATH_TEMPORARY_LARGE,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_BINARIES,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_INCLUDE,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_LIBRARY_PRIVATE,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_LIBRARY_ARCH,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_SHARED,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION_FACTORY,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_FACTORY,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_RUNTIME,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_LOGS,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_PRIVATE,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_LOGS,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_CACHE,
SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_SPOOL,
SD_PATH_USER_BINARIES,
SD_PATH_USER_LIBRARY_PRIVATE,
SD_PATH_USER_LIBRARY_ARCH,
SD_PATH_USER_SHARED,
SD_PATH_USER_CONFIGURATION,
SD_PATH_USER_RUNTIME,
SD_PATH_USER_STATE_PRIVATE,
SD_PATH_USER_STATE_CACHE,
SD_PATH_USER,
SD_PATH_USER_DOCUMENTS,
SD_PATH_USER_MUSIC,
SD_PATH_USER_PICTURES,
SD_PATH_USER_VIDEOS,
SD_PATH_USER_DOWNLOAD,
SD_PATH_USER_PUBLIC,
SD_PATH_USER_TEMPLATES,
SD_PATH_USER_DESKTOP,
SD_PATH_SEARCH_BINARIES,
SD_PATH_SEARCH_BINARIES_DEFAULT,
SD_PATH_SEARCH_LIBRARY_PRIVATE,
SD_PATH_SEARCH_LIBRARY_ARCH,
SD_PATH_SEARCH_SHARED,
SD_PATH_SEARCH_CONFIGURATION_FACTORY,
SD_PATH_SEARCH_STATE_FACTORY,
SD_PATH_SEARCH_CONFIGURATION,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_UTIL,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SYSTEM_UNIT,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SYSTEM_PRESET,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_USER_PRESET,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SYSTEM_CONF,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_USER_CONF,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SEARCH_SYSTEM_UNIT,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SEARCH_USER_UNIT,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SYSTEM_GENERATOR,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_USER_GENERATOR,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SEARCH_SYSTEM_GENERATOR,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SEARCH_USER_GENERATOR,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SLEEP,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN,
SD_PATH_TMPFILES,
SD_PATH_SYSUSERS,
SD_PATH_SYSCTL,
SD_PATH_BINFMT,
SD_PATH_MODULES_LOAD,
SD_PATH_CATALOG,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SEARCH_NETWORK,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_GENERATOR,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_USER_ENVIRONMENT_GENERATOR,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SEARCH_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_GENERATOR,
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SEARCH_USER_ENVIRONMENT_GENERATOR,
};
int sd_path_lookup(uint64_t type, const char *suffix,
char **paths);
int sd_path_lookup_strv(uint64_t type, const char *suffix,
char ***paths);
sd_path_lookup() and sd_bus_path_lookup_strv() return a single
path or set of file system paths specified by the argument type.
In case of sd_path_lookup() a single NUL-terminated string is
returned. When type specifies a set of paths, they are
concatenated using ":" as a separator (as is traditionally done
for e.g. $PATH or $LD_LIBRARY_PATH). In case of
sd_path_lookup_strv() a NULL-terminated array of strings is
returned (strv). If suffix suffix is given, it is concatenated to
each of the paths after a slash ("/"). All returned paths are
absolute.
For paths which refer to user directories, the relevant XDG
standard is followed, with support for environment variables like
$XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR, $XDG_DESKTOP_DIR, ..., and explicit
configuration in /etc/xdg/user-dirs.conf or
${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/user-dirs.dirs. See XDG Base Directory
Specification[1] for details.
systemd-path(1) is a wrapper around sd_path_lookup() and allows
the same set of paths to be queried.
On success, sd_path_lookup() and sd_path_lookup_strv() return a
non-negative integer. On failure, a negative errno-style error
number is returned by either function.
The returned string or string array (strv) must be free(3)'d by
the caller.
Errors
Returned errors may indicate the following problems:
-EOPNOTSUPP
Unknown identifier type.
Added in version 246.
-EINVAL
Output argument is NULL.
Added in version 246.
-ENXIO
Query failed because of an undefined environment variable
(e.g. for SD_PATH_USER_RUNTIME when $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is not
defined).
Added in version 246.
-ENOMEM
Memory allocation failed.
Added in version 246.
Look up the location of ~/Documents
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <systemd/sd-path.h>
int main(void) {
int r;
char *t;
r = sd_path_lookup(SD_PATH_USER_DOCUMENTS, NULL, &t);
if (r < 0)
return EXIT_FAILURE;
printf("~/Documents: %s\n", t);
free(t);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
Note that the default answer of $HOME/Documents may be overridden
by user-dirs.conf or $XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR.
Functions described here are available as a shared library, which
can be compiled against and linked to with the
libsystemd pkg-config(1) file.
The code described here uses getenv(3), which is declared to be
not multi-thread-safe. This means that the code calling the
functions described here must not call setenv(3) from a parallel
thread. It is recommended to only do calls to setenv() from an
early phase of the program when no other threads have been
started.
sd_path_lookup() and sd_path_lookup_strv() were added in version
246.
systemd(1), sd-path(3), systemd-path(1)
1. XDG Base Directory Specification
https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html
This page is part of the systemd (systemd system and service
manager) project. Information about the project can be found at
⟨http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd⟩. If you have a
bug report for this manual page, see
⟨http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/#bugreports⟩.
This page was obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git⟩ on 2025-08-11. (At that
time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in the
repository was 2025-08-11.) If you discover any rendering
problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there is
a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
(which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
man-pages@man7.org
systemd 258~rc2 SD_PATH_LOOKUP(3)
Pages that refer to this page: systemd.directives(7), systemd.index(7)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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