groff_www(7) — Linux manual page

Name | Synopsis | Description | Macros | Section heading links | Limitations of grohtml  | Files | Authors | See also | COLOPHON

groff_www(7)        Miscellaneous Information Manual        groff_www(7)

Name         top

       groff_www - GNU roff macros for authoring web pages

Synopsis         top

       groff -m www [option ...] [file ...]

Description         top

       This manual page describes the GNU www macro package, which is
       part of the groff(7) document formatting system.  This macro file
       is automatically loaded by the default troffrc file when the
       formatter (usually groff(1)) is called with either of the options
       -Thtml or -Txhtml.  To see hyperlinks in action, format this man
       page using one of those options.

       This document is a basic guide; the HTML output driver (grohtml)
       remains in an alpha state.  It has been included with the
       distribution to encourage testing.

       Here is a summary of the functions found in this macro set.

       .JOBNAME     split output into multiple files
       .HX          automatic heading level cut off
       .BCL         specify colours on a web page
       .BGIMG       specify background image
       .URL         create a URL using two parameters
       .FTP         create an FTP reference
       .MTO         create an HTML email address
       .TAG         generate an HTML name
       .IMG         include an image file
       .PIMG        include PNG image
       .MPIMG       place PNG on the margin and wrap text around it
       .HnS         begin heading
       .HnE         end heading
       .LK          emit automatically collected links.
       .HR          produce a horizontal rule
       .NHR         suppress automatic generation of rules.
       .HTL         only generate HTML title
       .HEAD        add data to <head> block
       .ULS         unorder list begin
       .ULE         unorder list end
       .OLS         ordered list begin
       .OLE         ordered list end
       .DLS         definition list begin
       .DLE         definition list end
       .LI          insert a list item
       .DC          generate a drop capital
       .HTML        pass an HTML raw request to the device driver
       .CDS         code example begin
       .CDE         code example end
       .ALN         place links on left of main text.
       .LNS         start a new two-column table with links in the left.
       .LNE         end the two-column table.
       .LINKSTYLE   initialize default URL attributes.

Macros         top

       .JOBNAME filename
              Split output into multiple HTML files.  A file is split
              whenever a .SH or .NH 1 is encountered.  Its argument is
              the file stem name for future output files.  This option
              is equivalent to grohtml's -j option.

       .HX n  Specify the cut off depth when generating links from
              section headings.  For example, a parameter of 2 would
              cause grohtml to generate a list of links for .NH 1 and
              .NH 2 but not for .NH 3.  Whereas

                     .HX 0

              tells grohtml that no heading links should be created at
              all.  Another method for turning automatic headings off is
              by issuing the command-line switch -P-l to groff.

       .BCL foreground background active not-visited visited
              This macro takes five parameters: foreground, background,
              active hypertext link, hypertext link not yet visited, and
              visited hypertext link colour.

       .BGIMG imagefile
              the only parameter to this macro is the background image
              file.

       .URL url [description] [after]
              generates a URL using either one, two, or three arguments.
              The first parameter is the actual URL, the second is the
              name of the link, and the third is optional stuff to be
              printed immediately afterwards.  If description and after
              are absent then the URL becomes the anchor text.
              Hyphenation is disabled while printing the actual URL;
              explicit breakpoints should be inserted with the \: escape
              sequence.  Here is how to encode foo ⟨http://foo.org/⟩:

                     .URL http://\:foo\:.org/ foo :

              If this is processed by a device other than -Thtml or
              -Txhtml it appears as:

                     foo ⟨http://foo.org⟩:

              The URL macro can be of any type; for example, we can
              reference Eric Raymond's pic guide ⟨pic.html⟩ by:

                     .URL pic\:.html "Eric Raymond's pic guide"

       .MTO address [description] [after]
              Generate an email HTML reference.  The first argument is
              mandatory as the email address.  The optional second
              argument is the text you see in your browser.  If an empty
              argument is given, address is used instead.  An optional
              third argument is stuff printed immediately afterwards.
              Hyphenation is disabled while printing the actual email
              address.  For example, Joe User ⟨joe@user.org⟩ can be
              achieved by the following macro:

                     .MTO joe@user.org "Joe User"

              All URLs currently are treated as consuming no textual
              space in groff.  This could be considered as a bug since
              it causes some problems.  To circumvent this, www.tmac
              inserts a zero-width character which expands to a harmless
              space (only if run with -Thtml or -Txhtml).

       .FTP url [description] [after]
              indicates that data can be obtained via FTP.  The first
              argument is the URL and the second is the browser text.  A
              third argument, similar to the macros above, is intended
              for stuff printed immediately afterwards.  The second and
              the third parameter are optional.  Hyphenation is disabled
              while printing the actual URL.  As an example, here is the
              location of the GNU FTP server ⟨ftp://ftp.gnu.org/⟩.  The
              macro example above can be specified as:

                     .FTP ftp://\:ftp\:.gnu\:.org/ "GNU FTP server" .

       .TAG name
              Generates an HTML name tag from its argument.  This can
              then be referenced using the URL ⟨#URL⟩ macro.  As you can
              see, you must precede the tag name with # since it is a
              local reference.  This link was achieved via placing a TAG
              in the URL description above; the source looks like this:

                     .TP
                     .B URL
                     generates
                     .TAG URL
                     a URL using either two or three arguments.
                     ...

       .IMG [-R|-L|-C] filename [width] [height]
              Include a picture into the document.  The first argument
              is the horizontal location: right, left, or center (-R,
              -L, or -C).  Alignment is centered by default (-C).  The
              second argument is the filename.  The optional third and
              fourth arguments are the width and height.  If the width
              is absent it defaults to 1 inch.  If the height is absent
              it defaults to the width.  This maps onto an HTML img tag.
              If you are including a PNG image then it is advisable to
              use the PIMG macro.

       .PIMG [-R|-L|-C] filename [width [height]]
              Include an image in PNG format.  This macro takes exactly
              the same parameters as the IMG macro; it has the advantage
              of working with PostScript and HTML devices also since it
              can automatically convert the image into the EPS format,
              using the following programs of the netpbm package:
              pngtopnm, pnmcrop, and pnmtops.  If the document isn't
              processed with -Thtml or -Txhtml it is necessary to use
              the -U option of groff.

       .MPIMG [-R|-L] [-G gap] filename [width [height]]
              Place a PNG image on the margin and wrap text around it.
              The first parameters are optional.  The alignment: left or
              right (-L or -R) specifies the margin where the picture is
              placed at.  The default alignment is left (-L).
              Optionally, -G gap can be used to arrange a gap between
              the picture and the text that wraps around it.  The
              default gap width is zero.
              The first non-optional argument is the filename.  The
              optional following arguments are the width and height.  If
              the width is absent it defaults to 1 inch.  If the height
              is absent it defaults to the width.  Example:

                     .MPIMG -L -G 2c foo.png 3c 1.5c

              The height and width may also be given as percentages.
              The PostScript device calculates the width from the .l
              register and the height from the .p register.  For
              example:

                     .MPIMG -L -G 2c foo.png 15%

       .HnS n Begin heading.  The numeric heading level n is specified
              by the first parameter.  Use this macro if your headings
              contain URL, FTP or MTO macros.  Example:

                     .HnS 1
                     .HR
                     GNU Troff
                     .URL https://\:www\:.gnu\:.org/\:software/\:groff/
                     \[em]a
                     .URL http://www\:.gnu\:.org/ GNU
                     project.
                     .HR
                     .HnE

              In this case you might wish to disable automatic links to
              headings.  This can be done via -P-l from the command
              line.

       .HnE   End heading.

       .LK    Force grohtml to place the automatically generated links
              at this position.

       .HR    Generate a full-width horizontal rule for -Thtml and
              -Txhtml.  No effect for all other devices.

       .NHR   Suppress generation of the top and bottom rules which
              grohtml emits by default.

       .HTL   Generate an HTML title only.  This differs from the TL
              macro of the ms macro package which generates both an HTML
              title and an <H1> heading.  Use it to provide an HTML
              title as search engine fodder but a graphic title in the
              document.  The macro terminates when a space or break is
              seen (.sp, .br).

       .HEAD  Add arbitrary HTML data to the <head> block.  Ignored if
              not processed with -Thtml or -Txhtml.  Example:

                     .HEAD "<link \
                       rel=""icon"" \
                       type=""image/png"" \
                       href=""http://foo.org//bar.png""/>"

       .HTML  All text after this macro is treated as raw HTML.  If the
              document is processed without -Thtml or -Txhtml then the
              macro is ignored.  Internally, this macro is used as a
              building block for other higher-level macros.

              For example, the BGIMG macro is defined as

                     .de BGIMG
                     .   HTML <body background=\\$1>
                     ..

       .DC l text [color]
              Produce a drop capital.  The first parameter is the letter
              to be dropped and enlarged, the second parameter text is
              the adjoining text whose height the first letter should
              not exceed.  The optional third parameter is the color of
              the dropped letter.  It defaults to black.

       .CDS   Start displaying a code section in constant width font.

       .CDE   End code display

       .ALN [color] [percentage]
              Place section heading links automatically to the left of
              the main text.  The color argument is optional and if
              present indicates which HTML background color is to be
              used under the links.  The optional percentage indicates
              the amount of width to devote to displaying the links.
              The default values are #eeeeee and 30 for color and
              percentage width, respectively.  This macro should only be
              called once at the beginning of the document.  After
              calling this macro each section heading emits an HTML
              table consisting of the links in the left and the section
              text on the right.

       .LNS   Start a new two-column table with links in the left
              column.  This can be called if the document has text
              before the first .SH and if .ALN is used.  Typically this
              is called just before the first paragraph and after the
              main title as it indicates that text after this point
              should be positioned to the right of the left-hand
              navigational links.

       .LNE   End a two-column table.  This should be called at the end
              of the document if .ALN was used.

       .LINKSTYLE color [ fontstyle [ openglyph closeglyph ] ]
              Initialize default URL attributes to be used if this macro
              set is not used with the HTML device.  The macro set
              initializes itself with the following call

                     .LINKSTYLE blue CR \[la] \[ra]

              but these values will be superseded by a user call to
              LINKSTYLE.

Section heading links         top

       By default grohtml generates links to all section headings and
       places these at the top of the HTML document.  (See LINKS ⟨#LK⟩
       for details of how to switch this off or alter the position).

Limitations of grohtml          top

       tbl(1) tables are rendered as PNG images.  Paul DuBois's approach
       with tblcvt(1), part of the troffcvt distribution 
       ⟨http://www.snake.net/software/troffcvt/⟩, should be explored.

Files         top

       /usr/local/share/groff/1.23.0/tmac/www.tmac

Authors         top

       The www macro package was written by Gaius Mulley ⟨gaius@glam.ac
       .uk⟩, with additions by Werner Lemberg ⟨wl@gnu.org⟩ and Bernd
       Warken ⟨groff-bernd.warken-72@web.de⟩.

See also         top

       groff(1), troff(1), grohtml(1), netpbm(1)

COLOPHON         top

       This page is part of the groff (GNU troff) project.  Information
       about the project can be found at 
       ⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/groff/⟩.  If you have a bug report
       for this manual page, see ⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/groff/⟩.
       This page was obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
       ⟨https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/groff.git⟩ on 2023-06-23.  (At
       that time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in
       the repository was 2023-06-23.)  If you discover any rendering
       problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there
       is a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
       corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
       (which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
       man-pages@man7.org

groff 1.23.0.rc4.250-1b2b6-dirt2y2 June 2023                  groff_www(7)

Pages that refer to this page: man(7)