tr(1) — Linux manual page

NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | BUGS | AUTHOR | REPORTING BUGS | COPYRIGHT | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON

TR(1)                         User Commands                        TR(1)

NAME         top

       tr - translate or delete characters

SYNOPSIS         top

       tr [OPTION]... STRING1 [STRING2]

DESCRIPTION         top

       Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input,
       writing to standard output.  STRING1 and STRING2 specify arrays
       of characters ARRAY1 and ARRAY2 that control the action.

       -c, -C, --complement
              use the complement of ARRAY1

       -d, --delete
              delete characters in ARRAY1, do not translate

       -s, --squeeze-repeats
              replace each sequence of a repeated character that is
              listed in the last specified ARRAY, with a single
              occurrence of that character

       -t, --truncate-set1
              first truncate ARRAY1 to length of ARRAY2

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

       ARRAYs are specified as strings of characters.  Most represent
       themselves.  Interpreted sequences are:

       \NNN   character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits)

       \\     backslash

       \a     audible BEL

       \b     backspace

       \f     form feed

       \n     new line

       \r     return

       \t     horizontal tab

       \v     vertical tab

       CHAR1-CHAR2
              all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order

       [CHAR*]
              in ARRAY2, copies of CHAR until length of ARRAY1

       [CHAR*REPEAT]
              REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0

       [:alnum:]
              all letters and digits

       [:alpha:]
              all letters

       [:blank:]
              all horizontal whitespace

       [:cntrl:]
              all control characters

       [:digit:]
              all digits

       [:graph:]
              all printable characters, not including space

       [:lower:]
              all lower case letters

       [:print:]
              all printable characters, including space

       [:punct:]
              all punctuation characters

       [:space:]
              all horizontal or vertical whitespace

       [:upper:]
              all upper case letters

       [:xdigit:]
              all hexadecimal digits

       [=CHAR=]
              all characters which are equivalent to CHAR

       Translation occurs if -d is not given and both STRING1 and
       STRING2 appear.  -t may be used only when translating.  ARRAY2 is
       extended to length of ARRAY1 by repeating its last character as
       necessary.  Excess characters of ARRAY2 are ignored.  Character
       classes expand in unspecified order; while translating, [:lower:]
       and [:upper:] may be used in pairs to specify case conversion.
       Squeezing occurs after translation or deletion.

BUGS         top

       Full support is available only for safe single-byte locales, in
       which every possible input byte represents a single character.
       The C locale is safe in GNU systems, so you can avoid this issue
       in the shell by running LC_ALL=C tr instead of plain tr.

AUTHOR         top

       Written by Jim Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS         top

       GNU coreutils online help:
       <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       Report any translation bugs to
       <https://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT         top

       Copyright © 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+:
       GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute
       it.  There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO         top

       Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/tr>
       or available locally via: info '(coreutils) tr invocation'

COLOPHON         top

       This page is part of the coreutils (basic file, shell and text
       manipulation utilities) project.  Information about the project
       can be found at ⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/⟩.  If you
       have a bug report for this manual page, see
       ⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/⟩.  This page was obtained
       from the tarball coreutils-9.1.tar.xz fetched from
       ⟨http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/coreutils/⟩ on 2022-12-17.  If you
       discover any rendering problems in this HTML version of the page,
       or you believe there is a better or more up-to-date source for
       the page, or you have corrections or improvements to the
       information in this COLOPHON (which is not part of the original
       manual page), send a mail to man-pages@man7.org

GNU coreutils 9.1              April 2022                          TR(1)

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