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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | BUGS | AUTHOR | REPORTING BUGS | COPYRIGHT | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
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TR(1) User Commands TR(1)
tr - translate or delete characters
tr [OPTION]... STRING1 [STRING2]
Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input,
writing to standard output. STRING1 and STRING2 specify arrays
of characters ARRAY1 and ARRAY2 that control the action.
-c, -C, --complement
use the complement of ARRAY1
-d, --delete
delete characters in ARRAY1, do not translate
-s, --squeeze-repeats
replace each sequence of a repeated character that is
listed in the last specified ARRAY, with a single
occurrence of that character
-t, --truncate-set1
first truncate ARRAY1 to length of ARRAY2
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
ARRAYs are specified as strings of characters. Most represent
themselves. Interpreted sequences are:
\NNN character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits)
\\ backslash
\a audible BEL
\b backspace
\f form feed
\n new line
\r return
\t horizontal tab
\v vertical tab
CHAR1-CHAR2
all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order
[CHAR*]
in ARRAY2, copies of CHAR until length of ARRAY1
[CHAR*REPEAT]
REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0
[:alnum:]
all letters and digits
[:alpha:]
all letters
[:blank:]
all horizontal whitespace
[:cntrl:]
all control characters
[:digit:]
all digits
[:graph:]
all printable characters, not including space
[:lower:]
all lower case letters
[:print:]
all printable characters, including space
[:punct:]
all punctuation characters
[:space:]
all horizontal or vertical whitespace
[:upper:]
all upper case letters
[:xdigit:]
all hexadecimal digits
[=CHAR=]
all characters which are equivalent to CHAR
Translation occurs if -d is not given and both STRING1 and
STRING2 appear. -t may be used only when translating. ARRAY2 is
extended to length of ARRAY1 by repeating its last character as
necessary. Excess characters of ARRAY2 are ignored. Character
classes expand in unspecified order; while translating, [:lower:]
and [:upper:] may be used in pairs to specify case conversion.
Squeezing occurs after translation or deletion.
Full support is available only for safe single-byte locales, in
which every possible input byte represents a single character.
The C locale is safe in GNU systems, so you can avoid this issue
in the shell by running LC_ALL=C tr instead of plain tr.
Written by Jim Meyering.
GNU coreutils online help:
<https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to
<https://translationproject.org/team/>
Copyright © 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+:
GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute
it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/tr>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) tr invocation'
This page is part of the coreutils (basic file, shell and text
manipulation utilities) project. Information about the project
can be found at ⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/⟩. If you
have a bug report for this manual page, see
⟨http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/⟩. This page was obtained
from the tarball coreutils-9.1.tar.xz fetched from
⟨http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/coreutils/⟩ on 2022-12-17. If you
discover any rendering problems in this HTML version of the page,
or you believe there is a better or more up-to-date source for
the page, or you have corrections or improvements to the
information in this COLOPHON (which is not part of the original
manual page), send a mail to man-pages@man7.org
GNU coreutils 9.1 April 2022 TR(1)
Pages that refer to this page: sed(1), proc(5)
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