fnmatch(3) — Linux manual page

NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | ATTRIBUTES | CONFORMING TO | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON

FNMATCH(3)              Linux Programmer's Manual             FNMATCH(3)

NAME         top

       fnmatch - match filename or pathname

SYNOPSIS         top

       #include <fnmatch.h>

       int fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);

DESCRIPTION         top

       The fnmatch() function checks whether the string argument matches
       the pattern argument, which is a shell wildcard pattern (see
       glob(7)).

       The flags argument modifies the behavior; it is the bitwise OR of
       zero or more of the following flags:

       FNM_NOESCAPE
              If this flag is set, treat backslash as an ordinary
              character, instead of an escape character.

       FNM_PATHNAME
              If this flag is set, match a slash in string only with a
              slash in pattern and not by an asterisk (*) or a question
              mark (?) metacharacter, nor by a bracket expression ([])
              containing a slash.

       FNM_PERIOD
              If this flag is set, a leading period in string has to be
              matched exactly by a period in pattern.  A period is
              considered to be leading if it is the first character in
              string, or if both FNM_PATHNAME is set and the period
              immediately follows a slash.

       FNM_FILE_NAME
              This is a GNU synonym for FNM_PATHNAME.

       FNM_LEADING_DIR
              If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is
              considered to be matched if it matches an initial segment
              of string which is followed by a slash.  This flag is
              mainly for the internal use of glibc and is implemented
              only in certain cases.

       FNM_CASEFOLD
              If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is
              matched case-insensitively.

       FNM_EXTMATCH
              If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, extended patterns
              are supported, as introduced by 'ksh' and now supported by
              other shells.  The extended format is as follows, with
              pattern-list being a '|' separated list of patterns.

       '?(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if zero or one occurrences of any of
              the patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

       '*(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if zero or more occurrences of any of
              the patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

       '+(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if one or more occurrences of any of
              the patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

       '@(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if exactly one occurrence of any of
              the patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

       '!(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if the input string cannot be matched
              with any of the patterns in the pattern-list.

RETURN VALUE         top

       Zero if string matches pattern, FNM_NOMATCH if there is no match
       or another nonzero value if there is an error.

ATTRIBUTES         top

       For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
       attributes(7).

       ┌───────────────────────────┬───────────────┬────────────────────┐
       │Interface                  Attribute     Value              │
       ├───────────────────────────┼───────────────┼────────────────────┤
       │fnmatch()                  │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe env locale │
       └───────────────────────────┴───────────────┴────────────────────┘

CONFORMING TO         top

       POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, POSIX.2.  The FNM_FILE_NAME,
       FNM_LEADING_DIR, and FNM_CASEFOLD flags are GNU extensions.

SEE ALSO         top

       sh(1), glob(3), scandir(3), wordexp(3), glob(7)

COLOPHON         top

       This page is part of release 5.13 of the Linux man-pages project.
       A description of the project, information about reporting bugs,
       and the latest version of this page, can be found at
       https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

GNU                            2021-03-22                     FNMATCH(3)

Pages that refer to this page: find(1)systemctl(1)glob(3)scandir(3)wordexp(3)glob(7)ss(8)