cap/view_cap_xattr.c

This is cap/view_cap_xattr.c, an example to accompany the book, The Linux Programming Interface.

This file is not printed in the book; it is a supplementary file for Chapter 39.

The source code file is copyright 2024, Michael Kerrisk, and is licensed under the GNU General Public License, version 3.

In the listing below, the names of Linux system calls and C library functions are hyperlinked to manual pages from the Linux man-pages project, and the names of functions implemented in the book are hyperlinked to the implementations of those functions.

 

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  Cover of The Linux Programming Interface

Function list (Bold in this list means a function is not static)

/* view_cap_xattr.c

   Display the contents of the "security.capability" extended attribute
   of a file. This attribute is used to store the capabilities associated
   with a file.
*/
#include <sys/xattr.h>
#include <sys/capability.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>   /* Defines 'struct vfs_ns_cap_data' and
                                   VFS_CAP_* constants */
#include "tlpi_hdr.h"
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    if (argc != 2 || strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0)
        usageErr("%s <file>\n", argv[0]);

    struct vfs_ns_cap_data cap_data;
    ssize_t valueLen = getxattr(argv[1], "security.capability",
                        (char *) &cap_data, sizeof(cap_data));
    if (valueLen == -1) {
        if (errno == ENODATA)
            fatal("\"%s\" has no \"security.capability\" attribute", argv[1]);
        else
            errExit("getxattr");
    }

    printf("Capability version: %d",
            cap_data.magic_etc >> VFS_CAP_REVISION_SHIFT);

    /* Only version 3 capabilities have the 'rootid' field. */

    if ((cap_data.magic_etc & VFS_CAP_REVISION_MASK) == VFS_CAP_REVISION_3)
        printf("   [root ID = %u]", cap_data.rootid);

    printf("\n");

    /* The size of the returned attribute value depends on the version of
       the 'security.capability' extended attribute */

    printf("Length of returned value = %zd\n", valueLen);

    /* Display file capabilities */

    printf("    Effective bit:   %d\n",
            cap_data.magic_etc & VFS_CAP_FLAGS_EFFECTIVE);
    printf("    Permitted set:   %08x %08x\n",
            cap_data.data[1].permitted, cap_data.data[0].permitted);
    printf("    Inheritable set: %08x %08x\n",
            cap_data.data[1].inheritable, cap_data.data[0].inheritable);
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

 

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Note that, in most cases, the programs rendered in these web pages are not free standing: you'll typically also need a few other source files (mostly in the lib/ subdirectory) as well. Generally, it's easier to just download the entire source tarball and build the programs with make(1). By hovering your mouse over the various hyperlinked include files and function calls above, you can see which other source files this file depends on.

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