sockets/scm_multi_send.c

/* scm_multi_send.c

   Used in conjunction with scm_multi_recv.c to demonstrate passing of
   ancillary data containing multiple 'msghdr' structures on a UNIX
   domain socket.

   This program sends ancillary data consisting of two blocks.  One block
   contains process credentials (SCM_CREDENTIALS) and the other contains
   one or more file descriptors (SCM_RIGHTS).

   Usage is as shown below in usageError().

   This program uses stream sockets by default; the "-d" command-line option
   specifies that datagram sockets should be used instead.

   This program is Linux-specific.
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include "scm_multi.h"

static void
usageError(char *pname)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options] file...\n", pname);
    fprintf(stderr, "    Options:\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "\t-d        Use datagram (instead of stream) socket\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "\t-n        Don't send any real data with the "
                    "ancillary data\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "\t-p <pid>  Use this PID when sending credentials\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "\t-u <uid>  Use this UID when sending credentials\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "\t-g <gid>  Use this GID when sending credentials\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    If any of any of -p/-u/-g is absent, the "
                    "corresponding real\n    credential is used.\n");
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    /* By default, this program sends an SCM_CREDENTIALS message containing
       the process's real credentials. This can be altered via command-line
       options. */

    pid_t pid = getpid();
    uid_t uid = getuid();
    gid_t gid = getgid();

    /* Parse command-line options */

    bool useDatagramSocket = false;
    bool sendData = true;
    int opt;

    while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "dnp:u:g:")) != -1) {
        switch (opt) {
        case 'd':
            useDatagramSocket = true;
            break;

        case 'n':
            sendData = false;
            break;

        case 'p':
            pid = atoi(optarg);
            break;

        case 'u':
            uid = atoi(optarg);
            break;

        case 'g':
            gid = atoi(optarg);
            break;

        default:
            usageError(argv[0]);
        }
    }

    int fdCnt = argc - optind;  /* Number of FDs in ancillary data */
    if (fdCnt <= 0)
        usageError(argv[0]);

    /* Allocate a buffer of suitable size to hold the ancillary data.
       This buffer is in reality treated as a 'struct cmsghdr',
       and so needs to be suitably aligned: malloc() provides a block
       with suitable alignment. */

    size_t fdAllocSize = sizeof(int) * fdCnt;
    size_t controlMsgSize = CMSG_SPACE(fdAllocSize) +
                     CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred));
    char *controlMsg = malloc(controlMsgSize);
    if (controlMsg == NULL)
        errExit("malloc");

    /* The control message buffer must be zero-initialized in order for
       the CMSG_NXTHDR() macro to work correctly */

    memset(controlMsg, 0, controlMsgSize);

    /* The 'msg_name' field can be used to specify the address of the
       destination socket when sending a datagram. However, we do not
       need to use this field because we use connect() below, which sets
       a default outgoing address for datagrams. */

    struct msghdr msgh;
    msgh.msg_name = NULL;
    msgh.msg_namelen = 0;

    /* On Linux, we must transmit at least 1 byte of real data in
       order to send ancillary data, at least when using stream sockets.
       The following allows for testing the results if no real data is
       sent with the ancillary data. */

    struct iovec iov;
    int data = 12345;
    if (sendData) {
        iov.iov_base = &data;
        iov.iov_len = sizeof(data);
        msgh.msg_iov = &iov;
        msgh.msg_iovlen = 1;
    } else {
        msgh.msg_iov = NULL;
        msgh.msg_iovlen = 0;
    }

    /* Place a pointer to the ancillary data, and size of that data,
       in the 'msghdr' structure that will be passed to sendmsg() */

    msgh.msg_control = controlMsg;
    msgh.msg_controllen = controlMsgSize;

    /* Set message header to describe the ancillary data that
       we want to send */

    /* First, the file descriptor list */

    struct cmsghdr *cmsgp = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msgh);
    cmsgp->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
    cmsgp->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;

    /* The ancillary message must include space for the required number
       of file descriptors */

    cmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(fdAllocSize);
    printf("cmsg_len 1: %ld\n", (long) cmsgp->cmsg_len);

    /* Open files named on the command line, and copy the resulting block of
       file descriptors into the data field of the ancillary message */

    int *fdList = malloc(fdAllocSize);
    if (fdList == NULL)
        errExit("calloc");

    /* Open the files named on the command line, placing the returned file
       descriptors into the ancillary data */

    for (int j = 0; j < fdCnt; j++) {
         fdList[j] = open(argv[optind + j], O_RDONLY);
         if (fdList[j] == -1)
             errExit("open");
    }

    memcpy(CMSG_DATA(cmsgp), fdList, fdAllocSize);

    /* Next, the credentials */

    cmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msgh, cmsgp);
    cmsgp->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
    cmsgp->cmsg_type = SCM_CREDENTIALS;

    /* The ancillary message must include space for a 'struct ucred' */

    cmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred));
    printf("cmsg_len 2: %ld\n", (long) cmsgp->cmsg_len);

    /* Initialize the credentials that are to be placed in the ancillary data */

    struct ucred creds;

    creds.pid = pid;
    creds.uid = uid;
    creds.gid = gid;

    /* Copy credentials to the data area of this ancillary message block */

    memcpy(CMSG_DATA(cmsgp), &creds, sizeof(struct ucred));

    /* Connect to the peer socket */

    int sfd = unixConnect(SOCK_PATH,
                          useDatagramSocket ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM);
    if (sfd == -1)
        errExit("unixConnect");

    /* Send the data plus ancillary data */

    ssize_t ns = sendmsg(sfd, &msgh, 0);
    if (ns == -1)
        errExit("sendmsg");

    printf("sendmsg() returned %zd\n", ns);

    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}